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Typical linguistic characteristics
Shown here using examples taken from Ladin of Gherdëina:
| Palatised (slender) vowels taken from Latin CA and GA and cia and gia: | |
| BUCCA(M) | bocia ‘mouth’ |
| CANE(M) | cian ‘dog’ |
| CABALLU(M) | ciaval ‘horse’ |
| GALLU(M) | gial ‘chicken’ |
| The lenisation of silent inter-vowel consonants in the following variations: | |
| – Sonorisation: | |
| CATENA(M) | ciadëina ‘chain’ |
| – Spirantisation: | |
| SAPERE | savëi ‘knowledge’ |
| – Tilisation: | |
| FORMICA(M) | furmia ‘ant’ |
| Retention of connected consonants with L (BL, CL, FL, GL, PL): | |
| BLANK (german Loanword) | blanch ‘white’ |
| CLAVE(M) | tle ‘key’ |
| FLATU(M) | fla ‘breath’ |
| GLACIA(M) [spoken Latin] | dlacia ‘ice’ |
| PLACERE | plajëi ‘fallen’ |
| The consonant connection CL is modified to tl-, GL- to dl-. | |
| Retention of endings -(e)s for the plurals of masculine and feminine nouns and adjectives: | |
| i ciulei-es scur-es | ‘the dark cellars’ |
| la gialin-es spevi-es | ‘the shy chickens’ |
| Reduction of double consonants (degeminification) to simple consonants: | |
| FLAMMA(M) | flama ‘flame’ |
| TERRA(M) | tiera ‘earth’ |
| VACCA(M) | vacia ‘cow’ |
| Preservation of the ending -(e)s for second person singular of the verb conjugations: | |
| tu mai-es | ‘you eat’ |
| tu ciant-es | ‘you sing’ |
| Delabialisation from Latin QUA to ka: | |
| QUATTUOR | cater ‘four’ |
A bag that can be watched, read and heared.... |
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